The term glycocalyx refers to the extracellular polymeric material produced by various cell types and is also known as the "sweet husk of the cell". The endothelial glycocalyx is a network of polysaccharides that project from the surface of the endothelial cells lining blood vessels as shown on the electronmicrograph on the right (generously provided by Dr. Bernard van den Berg).

Recent studies have revealed that the endothelial glycocalyx protects the vascular system against damage and vascular disease. The glycocalyx acts as a barrier against leakage of fluid, proteins and lipids across the vascular wall, modulates adhesion of inflammatory cells and platelets to the endothelial surface, and functions as a sensor and mechanotransducer of the fluid shear forces to which the endothelium is exposed.

Ongoing experimental and clinical research projects aim to unravel whether perturbation of the endothelial glycocalyx contributes to the development of cardiovascular disease, and whether a healthy glycocalyx is essential for optimal regulation of organ blood flow and controlled transport of glucose and fatty acids to tissues.

I hope this website will give you some understanding of the challenges we’re facing in trying to understand the many roles of the endothelial glycocalyx and that it will trigger your curiosity about its potential implications.

Hans Vink